by Firebrand » Mon Oct 24, 2005 10:11 pm
I'd say to produce slap, they have to do these three things:
1. Unlike the open tone, with flat hand coming down on the conga head (with fingers about 3-4 inches into the head), you'd want them to stay close the edge. Some people don't do this, and produce slaps, but I usually move my hand closer to the edge for a slap. Not totally off, but about 1/2 to 3/4 the distance into the center of the head of what I would do for open tone.
2. They MUST cup their hand slightly. tell them to produce a 120-150 degree angle between the middle of your palm, the tip of your fingers, and the rest of your hand toward your wrist. A normal open tone should be done with 170-180 degree angle of your hand (imagine your fingers outstretched, forming a straight line from fingers to wrist is 180 degree, and work "down" from that, 0 degrees being your fingers touching the bottom of the palm of your hand), while the slap needs the hand to be slightly cupped.
3. Finally, as others have pointed out, the slap hit should be done by imaging a whip crack's motion. Which is striking at the head, but pulling back a little when the hit hits. When open tones are done, the middle to lower part of your fingers produce the sound. With slaps, the sound should come from the whipping motion of the cupped hand, striking mostly with the middle to top part of your fingers. When you hit a good slap, your fingertips should feel the impact.
Once they understand the cupped and whipping nature of the slap, and the nature of its degrees, they will find the most efficient "cupped degree" that will produce slaps. With practice, they will be able to start landing slaps ocassionally, and zero in on what amount of degree cupping, whipping motion, distance from the edge of the head, and pressure (both from the striking hand, for OPEN SLAPS, and pressure from the other hand, for CLOSED SLAPS) is necessary. As with brass players intuitively finding out the correct positioning, necessary tightness of lips, and blowing pressure needed to produce better tone on their instruments, with practice, an aspiring conguero can begin to detect the correct requirements for a good slap. As a teacher, these three basics (I think) should be inculcated in the student, and the student should be encouraged to continue to try land slaps consistently, until the slaps become ever more "snappy" and the student becomes more adept at landing slaps at will.
It took me about 3 months of bi to tri-daily practice to start landing slaps consistently, although I think a year more will have me landing the cracking snaps of a Giovanni Hidalgo, but, a student will be encouraged when they start slapping quite nicely within 2 to 3 months.